Abstract

The Tapovan geothermal field is a low to medium enthalpy system, located in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, demonstrating substantial geothermal potential owing to high surface temperature of springs, active tectonic regime and favorable geological setting. However, comprehensive evaluation of its geothermal resources has been hindered by a paucity of geophysical data. This study presents an integrated feasibility analysis that involves geological, geophysical and geochemical investigations to assess the geothermal potential of the area. Resource estimation is attempted using the Monte Carlo simulation technique by volumetric method approach. By incorporating both legacy datasets and recent multidisciplinary field surveys, the study further applies the Central Limit Theorem within the Monte Carlo framework to estimate total geothermal reserves. Additionally, a techno-economic-environmental feasibility assessment has been conducted for a proposed 10 MWe Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) geothermal power plant. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of key parameters on the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE). The total geothermal resources are estimated at 9.67 x 1013 kJ, equivalent to approximately 4 million tons of coal, while the calculated installed power estimated for 25 years is 15.65 MWe that totals to 1.23 x 1013 kJ heat energy converted to electrical energy or ~0.5 million tons of coal. This comprehensive analysis provides critical insights for policymakers, researchers and industry stakeholders, supporting the sustainable development and utilization of geothermal energy in the region.